Detecting mtDNA effects with an Extended Pedigree Model: An Analysis of Statistical Power and Estimation Bias.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays a crucial role in numerous cellular processes, yet its impact on human behavior remains underexplored. The current paper proposes a novel covariance structure model with seven parameters to specifically isolate and quantify mtDNA effects on human behavior. This approach uses extended pedigrees to obtain estimates of mtDNA variance while controlling for other genetic and environmental influences.

NMR spectroscopy derived plasma biomarkers of inflammation in human populations: Influences of age, sex and adiposity.

Understanding the distribution and variation in inflammatory markers is crucial for advancing our knowledge of inflammatory processes and evaluating their clinical utility in diagnosing and monitoring acute and chronic disease. 1H NMR spectroscopy of blood plasma and serum was applied to measure a composite panel of inflammatory markers based on acute phase glycoprotein signals (GlycA and GlycB) and sub-regions of the lipoprotein derived Supramolecular Phospholipid Composite signals (SPC1, SPC2 and SPC3) to establish normal ranges in two healthy, predominantly white cohorts from Australia (n = 398) and Spain (n = 80; ages 20-70 years). GlycA, GlycB, SPC1 and SPC3 were not significantly impacted by age or sex, but SPC2 (an HDL-related biomarker) was significantly higher in women across all age ranges by an average of 33.

Framing diagnostic error: an epidemiological perspective.

Diagnostic errors burden the United States healthcare system. Depending on how they are defined, between 40,000 and 4 million cases occur annually. Despite this striking statistic, and the potential benefits epidemiological approaches offer in identifying risk factors for sub-optimal diagnoses, diagnostic error remains an underprioritized epidemiolocal research topic.

Sequential Use of Prednisolone and Cyclosporine Is Effective in the Management of Immunotherapy-Related Hemolytic Anemia.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) can cause immune-related organ dysfunctions, including nephritis, pneumonitis, thyroiditis, hepatitis, colitis and more rarely hematological toxicities like immune-related autoimmune hemolytic anemia (irAIHA). Very few cases of irAIHA associated with immunotherapy have been reported, and treatment protocols remain unclear. This is partly because not all irAIHA cases are Coomb's test positive.