Manipulating Charge Distribution at Organic-inorganic Interface via Optimizing Substituents for Sustainable Water Electrolysis.

The space charge effect induced by high-quality heterojunctions is essential for efficient electrocatalytic processes. Herein, we delicately manipulate intermolecular charge transfer by modifying substituents (-g = -CH3, -H, -NO2) with various electron donating/withdrawing capabilities in CoPc-g/CoS organic-inorganic heterostructures. CoPc-CH3, as a typical electron donor, transfers more electrons to CoS due to the presence of -CH3, forming the strongest space electric field and thus regulating the dual active sites at the interface.

Predictive value of plasma sB7-H3 and YKL-40 in pediatric refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

Objective: This study investigated the clinical significance of plasma sB7-H3 and YKL-40 levels in children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP).

Methods: A total of 182 RMPP patients (103 general Mycoplasma pneumoniae patients and 79 RMPP patients) were included. sB7-H3, YKL-40, and other inflammatory factors were measured.

Synergistic Modulation of Solid- and Cathode-Electrolyte Interphase via a Lithium Salt Additive toward Stable Sodium Metal Batteries.

Constructing feasible sodium metal batteries (SMBs) faces complex challenges in stabilizing cathodes and sodium metal anodes. It is imperative, but often underemphasized, to simultaneously regulate the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) to counter dendrite growth and the cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) to mitigate cathode deterioration. Herein, we introduce lithium 2-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dicyanoimidazolide (LiTDI) as an efficacious additive in a carbonate-based electrolyte to extend cycle lifespan of full SMBs: the capacity retention reaches 77.

Optimizing the proportion of stimulation area in a grid stimulus for user-friendly SSVEP-based BCIs.

Objective: Steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) rely on the photic driving response to encode electroencephalogram (EEG) signals stably and efficiently. However, the user experience of the traditional stimulation with high-contrast flickers urgently needs to be improved. In this study, we introduce a novel paradigm of grid stimulation with weak flickering perception, distinguished by a markedly lower proportion of stimulation area in the overall pattern.

Optimizing gelation time for cell shape control through active learning.

Hydrogels are popular platforms for cell encapsulation in biomedicine and tissue engineering due to their soft, porous structures, high water content, and excellent tunability. Recent studies highlight that the timing of network formation can be just as important as mechanical properties in influencing cell morphologies. Conventionally, time-dependent properties can be achieved through multi-step processes.