Study protocol for a pilot clinical trial to understand neural mechanisms of response to a psychological treatment for pain and anxiety in pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD).

Background: Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD) are the most common chronic pain conditions of childhood and are made worse by co-occurring anxiety. Our research team found that the Aim to Decrease Pain and Anxiety Treatment (ADAPT), a six-session coping skills program using cognitive behavioral therapy strategies, was effective in improving pain-related symptoms and anxiety symptoms compared to standard care. In follow-up, this current randomized clinical trial (RCT) aims to test potential neural mechanisms underlying the effect of ADAPT.

Rigorous science demands support of transgender scientists.

To build a just, equitable, and diverse academy, scientists and institutions must address systemic barriers that sex and gender minorities face. This Commentary summarizes (1) critical context informing the contemporary oppression of transgender people, (2) how this shapes extant research on sex and gender, and (3) actions to build an inclusive and rigorous academy for all.

Comorbid status in patients with osteomyelitis is associated with long-term incidence of extremity amputation.

Introduction: Osteomyelitis is associated with significant morbidity, including amputation. There are limited data on long-term amputation rates following an osteomyelitis diagnosis. We sought to determine the incidence of amputation in patients with osteomyelitis over 2 years.

Characterization and Correction of Low Frequency Artifacts in Segmental Bioimpedance Measurements.

Bioimpedance analysis can be used for remote monitoring of volume status for various conditions such as congestive heart failure. The measurement is typically performed with four electrodes, two of them driving an alternating current through the tissue and the other two sensing the resulting voltage. Issues with the measurement setup such as stray capacitance or electrode mismatch can cause artifacts that impact Cole parameters used for volume estimation.

Sex trouble: Sex/gender slippage, sex confusion, and sex obsession in machine learning using electronic health records.

False assumptions that sex and gender are binary, static, and concordant are deeply embedded in the medical system. As machine learning researchers use medical data to build tools to solve novel problems, understanding how existing systems represent sex/gender incorrectly is necessary to avoid perpetuating harm. In this perspective, we identify and discuss three factors to consider when working with sex/gender in research: "sex/gender slippage," the frequent substitution of sex and sex-related terms for gender and vice versa; "sex confusion," the fact that any given sex variable holds many different potential meanings; and "sex obsession," the idea that the relevant variable for most inquiries related to sex/gender is sex assigned at birth.