Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis Pattern of Injury.

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is no longer a disease but a pattern of injury in various diseases. Characterized by electron-dense deposits, mesangial proliferation, and duplication of the glomerular basement membrane, MPGN was previously classified by findings seen by electron microscopy. However, recognizing complement dysfunction in relation to cases with the MPGN pattern of injury substantially changed our view of its pathogenesis.

IgG from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p)-atopic individuals modulates non-atopic thymic B cell phenotype (alfa-4/beta-7) and cytokine production (IFN-γ, IL-9, and IL-10) with direct membrane interaction.

Studies about thymic B cells are scarce in the literature, but it was suggested that they can exert modulatory and regulatory functions on the immune system. Thymic B cells can play some role in regulating the most frequent allergic background worldwide, the atopy induced by the mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p). Here, we aimed to evaluate if the polyclonal IgG repertoire produced by Der p-atopic individuals can influence the homing and cytokine profile of human thymic B derived from non-atopic children aged less than seven days.

Viral Glomerulopathy.

Background: The association between viral infections and glomerular diseases, commonly known as "viral glomerulopathies," has been described in various clinical scenarios for decades. Despite advancements in diagnostic tools, it remains challenging to establish a causative link fully.

Summary: Data from mouse models have substantiated clinical observations and implicate direct viral infection in the pathogenesis of viral glomerulopathy, particularly in human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy.

E-AHPBA-ESSO-ESSR Innsbruck consensus guidelines for preoperative liver function assessment before hepatectomy.

Background: Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality after liver surgery. Standardized assessment of preoperative liver function is crucial to identify patients at risk. These European consensus guidelines provide guidance for preoperative patient assessment.