Basement membranes are crucial for proper olfactory placode shape, position and boundary with the brain, and for olfactory axon development.

Despite recent progress, the complex roles played by the extracellular matrix in development and disease are still far from being fully understood. Here, we took advantage of the zebrafish mutation which affects Laminin γ1, a major component of basement membranes, to explore its role in the development of the olfactory system. Following a detailed characterisation of Laminin distribution in the developing olfactory circuit, we analysed basement membrane integrity, olfactory placode and brain morphogenesis, and olfactory axon development in mutants, using a combination of immunochemistry, electron microscopy and quantitative live imaging of cell movements and axon behaviours.

Risk of Pleural Recurrence in Early-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Patients Treated With Surgery vs Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy.

Background: Pleural recurrence has been reported after thoracic surgery and radiation treatment, and reports show that the surgery as the first treatment may be associated with an increased incidence of pleural recurrence. The main objective of this study was to compare the incidence of ipsilateral pleural recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent surgical resection or curative-intent radiotherapy.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 18 or older with stage I NSCLC who underwent surgical resection or curative-intent radiotherapy at our institution.

Clinical predictors of causative radiographic findings in adults with acute onset diplopia.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical factors that predict abnormal radiographic findings in adults with acute onset binocular diplopia.

Methods: Medical records of consecutive patients aged >20 years who presented with acute binocular diplopia were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into positive and negative groups according to radiographic findings.

Effects of the insecticide chlorpyrifos on Amazonian freshwater invertebrates: A mesocosm experiment.

Chlorpyrifos is one of the most widely used insecticides globally, yet its toxicity for tropical aquatic ecosystems in Latin America has not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, we conducted a 70-day mesocosm experiment to assess the effects of chlorpyrifos on zooplankton and macroinvertebrate communities representative of the Ecuadorian Amazon. Mesocosms were exposed to a single application of chlorpyrifos at four nominal concentrations (0.