Neonatal Neurobehavior Predicts Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Severity Prior to Treatment Interventions.

Objective: To utilize the NeoNatal Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS-II) as a standardized and reliable tool to help guide treatment of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) with the goal of improving the consistency and quality of care provided to opioid-exposed newborns.

Study Design: We examined NOWS severity through several indicators, including the number of pharmacological treatment medications, maximum dose of medications, length of treatment, and maximum score on NOWS observational tools to create an overall severity score for each newborn. Then we examined whether NOWS risk could be detected as early as 24 hours after birth using the NNNS-II to predict NOWS severity.

Disease dynamics and mortality risk in tapirs (Perissodactyla: Tapiridae) through a systematic literature review: Implications for preventive medicine and conservation.

The impact of diseases on tapir mortality and potential implications for preventive medicine and conservation remain unclear. A systematic literature review was conducted using seven databases and grey literature to address these gaps. The PRISMA statement was adopted to report results, and boosted regression tree models were employed for data analysis.

Race, Age, and Allostatic Load Among Men in the Nashville Stress and Health Study.

High allostatic load (AL), a measure of physiological dysregulation, has been linked with premature morbidity and mortality. There is a paucity of research assessing AL among non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) American men of various age groups. This study investigated racial differences in AL among NHB and NHW adult men and assessed whether racial differences in AL varied by age.

A Qualitative, Patient-led Exploration of Vaccination Communication Preferences Among a Diverse Sample of Pregnant, Postpartum, Breastfeeding Canadians.

Background: Vaccination during pregnancy is recommended to protect pregnant individuals and their fetus from vaccine-preventable diseases and to protect infants during the vulnerable postnatal period. However, vaccine uptake in pregnancy remains low. This study explores how pregnant, postpartum and breastfeeding individuals living in Canada prefer to communicate about vaccination during pregnancy.

DECIDE, A Pregnancy-specific Patient-provider Communication Approach: Multi-method and Codesign.

Background: Vaccination in pregnancy is recommended for preventing maternal and infant morbidity, but uptake is low. Existing presumptive and participatory vaccine communication approaches for childhood vaccinations may not encompass the nuanced decision-making during pregnancy.

Methods: We employed a multi-method study using the double diamond design framework to codesign a pregnancy-specific, person-centered communication approach.