Distinguishing Transient From Persistent Brain Structural Changes in Pediatric Patients With Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis.

Background And Objectives: Pediatric patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) are at risk of impaired brain growth, with long-term neuropsychiatric consequences. We previously reported transient expansions of cerebral ventricle volume (VV) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, which subsequently normalized. In this study, we investigated changes in VV in ADEM in relation to other brain structures and clinical outcomes.

Toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae Infections in Low-Risk Patients, Switzerland, 2023.

We report a cluster of infections with genetically related toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae linked to an outbreak among asylum seekers in Switzerland that subsequently affected patients without known exposure. This discovery highlights the importance of rapid, interdisciplinary outbreak investigations and regular vaccination status assessment, especially in elderly populations with waning immunity.

Metal-free [2+2]-photocycloaddition of unactivated alkenes enabled by continuous flow processing.

We report a continuous flow approach generating bicyclic cyclobutanes from unactivated alkenes in a metal-free manner that is inspired by the Kochi-Salomon reaction. A filtered Hg-lamp in combination with a simple flow set-up and acetone as UV light-absorbing co-solvent are crucial for this method thus showcasing attractive features for further exploitations.

Continuous flow synthesis of alkynes from isoxazolones.

The development of a continuous flow approach for the generation of alkynes from isoxazolones under diazotisation conditions is reported. The underlying transformation has been known for several decades; however, in batch mode, it is plagued by variable yields, excessive use of sodium nitrite and limited scalability due to its exothermic nature and the release of copious amounts of toxic nitroxide gases. The presented flow approach overcomes these limitations and delivers various alkyne products in residence times of less than 1 minute with productivities of 2 g h.

A community-based task shifting program in 25 remote indigenous communities in Nunavut, Canada.

Task shifting can improve access, availability, efficiency, and quality of health services in under resourced settings. Task shifting can occur formally or informally within health professions, between health professions, between support staff and health professions, or between lay community members and health professionals. There are currently thousands of Indigenous peoples in Canada's high Arctic, living in remote communities, north of the 60 parallel with limited access to basic medical services.