Treatment and persistence/recurrence of sleep-disordered breathing in children with Down syndrome.

Objective: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in children with Down syndrome, but the trajectory and long-term outcomes are not well-described. In a retrospective longitudinal cohort of children with Down syndrome, study objectives were to (1) characterize polysomnography (PSG), treatments received, and persistence/recurrence of SDB and (2) explore predictors of SDB persistence/recurrence.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of children who underwent PSGs between 2004 and 2014.

Predicting the presence of sleep-disordered breathing in children with Down syndrome.

Objective: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is highly prevalent in children with Down syndrome. Given the scarcity of resources and the presence of risk factors for SDB in this population, the objective of this study is to identify the clinical predictors of SDB, which would assist prioritization of children with Down syndrome for SDB evaluation.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on children enrolled in the Down syndrome clinic at CHEO who underwent polysomnography in 2004-2014.

Familial clustering of beta-cell autoimmunity in initially non-diabetic children.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is characterised by familial aggregation. We set out to explore whether beta-cell autoimmunity, which is considered to precede clinical disease, also shows familial clustering.

Methods: Tests for HLA DQB1 alleles (*02, *0301, *0302, *0602) and islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) were performed on 5836 children from 2283 families.

Dynamics of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in young children with human leukocyte antigen-conferred risk of type 1 diabetes recruited from the general population.

This study characterized the dynamics of islet cell antibodies (ICA), insulin antibodies (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), and IA-2 antibodies (IA-2A) in 1006 children recruited from the general population due to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQB1-conferred risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D). By the age of 5 yr, 13.8% of the children had had one or more autoantibodies in at least one sample drawn at 3- to 12-month intervals from birth, whereas 6.

Geographical variation in risk HLA-DQB1 genotypes for type 1 diabetes and signs of beta-cell autoimmunity in a high-incidence country.

Objective: To assess possible differences in the frequency of HLA-DQB1 risk genotypes and the emergence of signs of beta-cell autoimmunity among three geographical regions in Finland.

Research Design And Methods: The series comprised 4,642 children with increased HLA-DQB1-defined genetic risk of type 1 diabetes from the Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study: 1,793 (38.6%) born in Turku, 1,646 (35.