Cell-type-independent expression of inwardly rectifying potassium currents in mouse fungiform taste bud cells.

Inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channels play key roles in functions, including maintaining the resting membrane potential and regulating the action potential duration in excitable cells. Using in situ whole-cell recordings, we investigated Kir currents in mouse fungiform taste bud cells (TBCs) and immunologically identified the cell types (type I-III) expressing these currents. We demonstrated that Kir currents occur in a cell-type-independent manner.

Biotransformation of bromosesquiterpenes by marine fungi.

Biotransformation of bromosesquiterpenes was investigated with two types of fungi, Rhinocladiella atrovirens NRBC 32362 and also Rhinocladiella sp. K-001, isolated from the Okinawan brown alga Stypopodium zonale. R.

Biotransformation of (+/-)-2-methylcyclohexanone by fungi.

The biotransformation of 2-methylcyclohexanone (1) using 16 fungal strains and some mushroom cultures was investigated. Fusarium sp. was one of the effective biocatalysts for oxidoreduction of 2-methylcyclohexanone (1).

Acetazolamide vasoreactivity evaluated by transcranial harmonic perfusion imaging: relationship with transcranial Doppler sonography and dynamic CT.

Unlabelled: To establish the reliability and clinical significance of transcranial ultrasonic harmonic perfusion imaging (HPI), we evaluated HPI's relationships with transcranial Doppler (TCD) and with dynamic CT (DCT), during acetazolamide (ACZ) vasoreactivity tests.

Methods: The subjects were 12 neurological patients. Time-averaged maximum velocity (TAVMX) in the middle (MCA) and posterior cerebral arteries was measured by TCD.

Acetazolamide vasoreactivity in persistent vegetative state and vascular dementia evaluated by transcranial harmonic perfusion imaging and Doppler sonography.

Unlabelled: To clarify the pathophysiological differences of the cerebrovascular reserve capacity in relation to cerebral cognitive impairments between persistent vegetative state (PVS) and vascular dementia (VD), we evaluated acetazolamide (ACZ) vasoreactivity testing by transcranial harmonic perfusion imaging (HPI) and Doppler sonography (TCD).

Methods: The subjects were 11 adult patients with severe cognitive impairments (4 PVS, 7 VD). TCD mean velocity (Vm) in the middle and posterior cerebral artery (MCA, PCA) and peak intensity (PI), area under curve (AUC), and mean transit time (MTT) analyzed by HPI time-intensity curves in the bilateral temporal lobe (TL), basal ganglia (BG), and thalamus (Th) were evaluated before and after ACZ administration.