Archaerhodopsin 3 is an ideal template for the engineering of highly fluorescent optogenetic reporters.

Archaerhodopsin-3 (AR-3) variants stand out among other rhodopsins in that they display a weak, but voltage-sensitive, near-infrared fluorescence emission. This has led to their application in optogenetics both in cell cultures and small animals. However, in the context of improving the fluorescence characteristics of the next generation of AR-3 reporters, an understanding of their ultrafast light-response in light-adapted conditions, is mandatory.

A Pilot Study on the Drug Price Revision Strategy in Japan: A Comparison Among Fiscal Years 2018, 2020, and 2022.

Japan has resumed its health technology assessment to decide how to reduce high-cost drug prices. While drug price rules in Japan are comprehensive, they do not necessarily capture differences in product characteristics. This study examined the drug price revision strategy in Japan using migraine treatment with triptans as an example.

Amniotic fluid glucose concentration as a predictor of fetal trisomy.

Aim: We aimed to assess the amniotic fluid glucose concentration cut-off as an indicator of fetal chromosomal abnormalities, such as trisomy 13, 18, and 21.

Methods: This prospective observational study included pregnant females who underwent amniocentesis. Participants were divided into two groups on the border of 22 weeks of gestational age (<22 and ≥22-week groups).

Light-driven anion-pumping rhodopsin with unique cytoplasmic anion-release mechanism.

Microbial rhodopsins are photoreceptive membrane proteins found in microorganisms with an all-trans-retinal chromophore. The function of many microbial rhodopsins is determined by three residues in the third transmembrane helix called motif residues. Here, we report a group of microbial rhodopsins with a novel Thr-Thr-Gly (TTG) motif.

Tumor diameter and enhancing capsule, as well as previous interventional treatments, as potential predictors of vascular lake phenomenon in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization.

Objectives: The initial drug-eluting bead (DEB)-transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are often performed after multiple sessions of transarterial infusion chemotherapy (TAI) or conventional TACE. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the factors associated with the occurrence of vascular lake phenomenon (VLP) during DEB-TACE, considering the previous interventional treatments.

Material And Methods: Forty-nine initial DEB-TACE procedures in 49 patients between November 2010 and April 2024 were included in this retrospective study.