Ecological momentary assessment of cigarette smoking behavior and pain intensity among individuals with chronic back pain who smoke.

Chronic pain affects ~20% of the adult population and is associated with smoking. Smoking and pain worsen each other in the long term, but short-term temporal associations between smoking and pain throughout the day are unclear. Understanding these relationships may inform strategies for managing comorbid smoking and pain.

Impact of tiered restrictions in December 2020 on COVID-19 hospitalisations in England: a synthetic control study.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of localised Tier 3 restrictions, implemented in England in December 2020, on reducing COVID-19 hospitalisations compared with less stringent Tier 2 measures and the variations by neighbourhood deprivation and the prevalence of Alpha (B.1.1.

Use of a hidden Markov model for interpretation of serial cow milk paratuberculosis antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results adjusted for milk yield and quality.

Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease), caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a common, economically-important and potentially zoonotic contagious disease of cattle, with worldwide distribution. Disease management relies on identification of animals which are at high-risk of being infected or infectious.

Context-dependent effects of CDKN2A and other 9p21 gene losses during the evolution of esophageal cancer.

CDKN2A is a tumor suppressor located in chromosome 9p21 and frequently lost in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). How CDKN2A and other 9p21 gene co-deletions affect EAC evolution remains understudied. We explored the effects of 9p21 loss in EACs and cancer progressor and non-progressor BEs with matched genomic, transcriptomic and clinical data.