Severe anemia in Malawian children.

Background: Severe anemia is a major cause of sickness and death in African children, yet the causes of anemia in this population have been inadequately studied.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 381 preschool children with severe anemia (hemoglobin concentration, <5.0 g per deciliter) and 757 preschool children without severe anemia in urban and rural settings in Malawi.

Severe anemia in Malawian children.

Background: Severe anemia is a major cause of sickness and death in African children, yet the causes of anemia in this population have been inadequately studied.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 381 preschool children with severe anemia (hemoglobin concentration, <5.0 g per deciliter) and 757 preschool children without severe anemia in urban and rural settings in Malawi.

Laser mediated release of dye from liposomes.

Liposomes made from phospholipids and containing sulforhodamine dye (1-50 mM) have been irradiated with nanosecond and picosecond laser pulses. Individual liposomes were locally heated by laser absorption of dye dimers during a single laser pulse, and heating was sufficient to release the liposome contents. The extent of dye release produced by a single laser pulse was shown to be quantitatively dependent on several interdependent variables, including dye concentration, liposome size, laser excitation parameters and initial temperature of the dye-liposome system.