The role of gastric mucins and mucin-related glycans in gastric cancers.

Gastric mucins serve as a protective barrier on the stomach's surface, protecting from external stimuli including gastric acid and gut microbiota. Their composition typically changes in response to the metaplastic sequence triggered by Helicobacter pylori infection. This alteration in gastric mucins is also observed in cases of gastric cancer, although the precise connection between mucin expressions and gastric carcinogenesis remains uncertain.

Probe-guided endoscopic system for 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic diagnosis in cholangiocarcinoma.

Background And Aim: The diagnostic accuracy for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is inadequate, necessitating the exploration of novel diagnostic approaches. Protoporphyrin IX (Pp IX), a metabolic product of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), emits red fluorescence upon blue light exposure. Because it accumulates selectively in cancer cells, photodynamic diagnosis using 5-ALA (5-ALA-PDD) has been integrated into clinical practice for diverse cancer types.

Adaptive gene expression of alternative splicing variants of PGC-1α regulates whole-body energy metabolism.

The transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α has been implicated in the regulation of multiple metabolic processes. However, the previously reported metabolic phenotypes of mice deficient in PGC-1α have been inconsistent. PGC-1α exists as multiple isoforms, including variants transcribed from an alternative first exon.

Metabolic Factors Associated with Endoscopic Atrophy, Intestinal Metaplasia, and Gastric Neoplasms in -Positive Patients.

Background: Previous studies demonstrate an association between metabolic factors and -related gastric cancer. However, the association of gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia (IM) with these factors remains unknown.

Methods: Data on 1603 -positive patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy between 2001 and 2021 were evaluated.