Association of interstitial lung abnormalities with cytotoxic agent-induced pneumonitis in patients with malignancy.

Background And Objective: The association between interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) and various conditions and diseases, including drug-related pneumonitis (DRP), has been reported. However, the association of the presence of ILA with developing DRP in patients undergoing cytotoxic agent-based chemotherapy, one of the standard treatments for malignancies, remains unclear. This warrants urgent investigation.

Association between the HAL score and the development of progressive pulmonary fibrosis in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia: A prospective observational study.

Background: Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) is a critical concern in interstitial lung disease (ILD) management. The HAL score, which incorporates honeycombing (H), age >75 years (A), and serum lactate dehydrogenase >222 U/L (L), can predict acute exacerbations in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). This study aims to evaluate the predictive utility of the HAL score for PPF development.

Difference in efficacy of osimertinib between patients with EGFR-positive NSCLC with postoperative recurrence and those with de novo unresectable disease: A prospective, observational study.

Background: Although clinical trials of systemic chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have included both postoperative recurrence and de novo unresectable cases, postoperative recurrence is reported to have a better efficacy and prognosis. However, there are no efficacy data of first-line osimertinib for postoperative recurrence.

Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of a multicenter, prospective, observational study that evaluated the efficacy of first-line osimertinib in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive NSCLC.

Factors associated with uncontrolled severe asthma in the biologic era.

Background: Despite the development of biologics for severe asthma, individuals with uncontrolled status persist, posing a significant social problem. This multicenter prospective study aimed to identify factors associated with the uncontrolled status of patients with severe asthma in the biologic era assessed using the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ).

Methods: Subjects with severe asthma diagnosed by respiratory specialists were enrolled from 11 hospitals.

Hypnotics and Mortality in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Hospital and National Data-Based Analysis.

Background: Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) may experience insomnia and use hypnotics. However, the effect of the use of hypnotics on their clinical course remains unclear.

Research Question: Is the use of hypnotics associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with IPF?

Study Design And Participants: This study included 99 patients with IPF from the Hamamatsu hospital-based cohort and 123 patients with IPF from the Seirei hospital-based cohort, as well as 30,218 patients with IPF from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (the NDB cohort).