Rigorous bicycling does not increase serum levels of total and free prostate-specific antigen (PSA), the free/total PSA ratio, gonadotropin levels, or uroflowmetric parameters.

Objectives: To determine whether cycling has an effect on serum PSA, gonadotropins, and uroflowmetric parameters.

Methods: A total of 34 healthy male athletes from the National Cycling Team and 24 healthy male student volunteers from University and medical staff were prospectively enrolled in the study. Blood samples for serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA, fPSA/tPSA, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone determinations were obtained before and after cyclists completed 300 km bicycle ride and with each cyclist seated without changing posture and with minimal movement for 10 minutes before blood collection.

Comparison of conventional and step-wise shockwave lithotripsy in management of urinary calculi.

Purpose: In this clinical study, our aim was to evaluate the results of conventional and step-wise shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) in the management of urinary calculi.

Patients And Methods: Fifty consecutive patients seen in our outpatient urology clinic were included and randomized in the clinical study. SWL was performed using a Dornier Compact Delta instrument.

Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: safe even in supracostal access.

Purpose: This study was designed to determine the outcome and safety of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the treatment of renal calculi.

Patients And Methods: Between November 2005 and March 2006, 48 patients were randomized to either an 18F Re-entry nephrostomy tube (group 1) or a 6F Double-J stent (group 2). The two groups were well matched for age, sex, stone size, stone laterality, and number of previous renal procedures.

Does previous open nephrolithotomy affect the outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy?

Purpose: To determine the effects of previous open nephrolithotomy on the results and morbidity of subsequent percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Patients And Methods: Between March 2005 and January 2006, 89 patients underwent PCNL at our institution. We compared the patients who had had previous open surgery on the same kidney (group 1; n = 27) with those who had had no previous surgery (group 2; n = 62).