[Diagnostic problems in HELLP syndrome--presented with reference to 20 case reports].

15 so-called "definite" cases and five so-called "questionable" cases of HELLP-Syndrome are reported and discussed. The cases demonstrate the chameleon-like behaviour of symptoms and how difficult it can be to avoid it's full manifestation even if careful attention is paid to liver enzymes or platelets. Elevated liver enzymes and low platelets are also found in normal pregnancies making differential diagnosis more difficult as the retrospective analysis of laboratory findings of more than 2000 normal pregnancies shows.

[Detection of fibronectin for confirming the diagnosis of premature rupture of fetal membranes].

Diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) usually leads to severe clinical consequences. Diagnostic tests for confirmation of suspected rupture of membranes are either unreliable or can adversely affect the pregnancy. Foetal fibronectin is synthesised by the foetoplacental membranes especially in the anchoring villus.