Principles of cartilage repair and regeneration.

An experimental approach and logic are presented for the regeneration of skeletal tissues that focus on the recapitulation of embryonic events starting with an uncommitted progenitor cell population that the authors refer to as mesenchymal stem cells. The repair and regeneration of articular cartilage, which itself has no repair potential, is the subject of this presentation. Full thickness cartilage defects were created in the medial condyle of the distal femur.

Cyclic endometrial changes: US assessment with histologic correlation.

The ultrasonographic (US) appearance of the endometrium was evaluated in 80 patients, and the US diagnosis of endometrial stage was compared with that from same-day endometrial biopsy specimens. The US signs of proliferative endometrium included triple-line sign, hypoechoic function layer, and minimal or absent posterior acoustic enhancement. The signs of secretory endometrium included absent triple-line sign, hyperechoic functional layer, and strong posterior acoustic enhancement.

Ultrasonography and needle aspiration in diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis may present as a renal mass which can be difficult to differentiate from a hypovascular renal tumor by intravenous pyelography or selective renal angiography. Four patients are described in whom ultrasonography with or without fine-needle aspiration suggested or confirmed the diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding associated with 45X/47XXX mosaicism and Von Willebrand's disease.

This report describes a patient with Turner's mosaicism (45X/47XXX) who presented with short stature and heavy menstrual bleeding. Pelvic ultrasound revealed the presence of a large right cystic ovary; the left ovary was not visualized. Coagulation evaluation demonstrated Von Willebrand's disease.