Interleukin-1β as emerging therapeutic target in hematological malignancies and potentially in their complications.

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a pleiotropic cytokine that exerts multiple roles in both physiological and pathological conditions. It is produced by different cell subsets, and drives a wide range of inflammatory responses in numerous target cells. Enhanced IL-1β signaling is a common event in patients of hematological malignancies.

Quercitrin and taxifolin stimulate osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells and inhibit osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 cells.

Flavonoids are natural antioxidants that positively influence bone metabolism. The present study screened among different flavonoids to identify biomolecules for potential use in bone regeneration. For this purpose, we used MC3T3-E1 and RAW264.

Differential response of MC3T3-E1 and human mesenchymal stem cells to inositol hexakisphosphate.

Background: Inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) has been found to have an important role in biomineralization.

Methods: Because the complete mechanism of action of IP6 on osteoblasts is not fully understood and its potential use in the primary prevention of osteoporosis, we examined the direct effect of IP6 on cell viability and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and on differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs).

Results: We show that IP6 has different effects depending on the origin of the cell target.

Inositol hexakisphosphate inhibits osteoclastogenesis on RAW 264.7 cells and human primary osteoclasts.

Background: Inoxitol hexakisphosphate (IP6) has been found to have an important role in biomineralization and a direct effect inhibiting mineralization of osteoblasts in vitro without impairing extracellular matrix production and expression of alkaline phosphatase. IP6 has been proposed to exhibit similar effects to those of bisphosphonates on bone resorption, however, its direct effect on osteoclasts (OCL) is presently unknown.

Methodology/principal Findings: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of IP6 on the RAW 264.

Nuclear factor-kappaB inducing kinase is required for graft-versus-host disease.

Background: Donor T lymphocytes are directly responsible for graft-versus-host disease. Molecules important in T-cell function may, therefore, be appropriate targets for graft-versus-host disease therapy and/or prophylaxis. Here we analyzed whether nuclear factor-κ B inducing kinase might have a role in graft-versus-host disease.