Capsule Dosimeters for Ultraviolet Radiation Measurements on Coral Reefs and in Seawater.

This work reports on the new chemical dosimeters for UV radiation dose measurements on coral reefs and in seawater. The proposed dosimeters can measure the actual dose of UV radiation, which consists of 95% UVA and 5% UVB radiation, unlike the currently-used radiometers in marine and ocean waters that measure the dose of UVA and UVB radiation separately. The dosimeters are composed of water, poly(ethylene oxide)--poly(propylene oxide)--poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F-127) as a gel matrix, and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) as a UV radiation-sensitive compound.

Features of PABIG 3D Polymer Gel as an Ionising Radiation Dosimeter.

This work presents the features of the PABIG 3D polymer gel dosimeter. It consists of two cross-linkers: poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), as one biacrylic component, and ,'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA), which is another cross-linker often used in 3D dosimeters. Additionally, it contains oxygen scavenges of copper sulfate pentahydrate and ascorbic acid.

Discolouring 3D Gel Dosimeter for UV Dose Distribution Measurements.

This work reports on a new TBO-Pluronic F-127 three-dimensional (3D) gel dosimeter for UV light dose distribution measurements. The optimal gel composition was found to be 60 µM Toluidine Blue O (TBO), which acts as a UV-sensitive compound; 5% / hydrogen peroxide (HO), which is necessary for initiation of TBO photodegradation and 25% / poly(ethylene oxide)--poly(propylene oxide)--poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F-127), which forms a physical gel matrix. The dosimeter becomes discoloured when exposed to UV radiation and a discolouration is the more intense, the higher the absorbed dose is.

A Review of Modifications of Quinoline Antimalarials: Mefloquine and (hydroxy)Chloroquine.

Late-stage modification of drug molecules is a fast method to introduce diversity into the already biologically active scaffold. A notable number of analogs of mefloquine, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine have been synthesized, starting from the readily available active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). In the current review, all the modifications sites and reactivity types are summarized and provide insight into the chemistry of these molecules.

Laser Light Trapping Phenomenon in a 3D Radiotherapy Polymer Gel Dosimeter.

This paper aims to explain the phenomenon of laser light trapping (LLT) in a 3D polymer gel dosimeter. A VIC-T polymer gel dosimeter containing 17% -vinylpyrrolidone, 8% ,'-methylenebisacrylamide, 12% tert-butyl alcohol, 5% gelatine, 0.02% hydroquinone and 14 mM tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride was used in this study.