Renal clearance of ifosfamide.

Nephrotoxicity is an important clinical side effect of the chemotherapeutic agent ifosfamide. This medication is activated by the hepatic cytochrome P450 system with potentially toxic metabolites produced through both ring hydroxylation and chloroethyl side chain oxidation pathways. Using an isolated perfused rat kidney preparation, we examined the possibility that renal metabolism of ifosfamide also occurs.

Single nephron hemodynamics in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

This study was designed to determine whether glomerular hypertension develops as a function of age in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Male SHR and age-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) normotensive controls were divided into three groups for measurements of whole kidney and single nephron hemodynamics at 5, 10, and 15 months of age. As reported previously, SHR developed significant proteinuria which was predominantly an albuminuria, after 5 months of age.

Dietary cholesterol supplementation in the spontaneously diabetic rat.

Dietary cholesterol supplementation was used to increase serum cholesterol concentration in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. With the use of numerous dietary formulations, extremely elevated serum cholesterol concentrations and gastrointestinal intolerance were found. We conclude that there are unacceptable side effects with a vast number of exogenous cholesterol supplemented diets which preclude standard and long-term usage.

Ifosfamide metabolite chloroacetaldehyde causes Fanconi syndrome in the perfused rat kidney.

Renal proximal tubule dysfunction has been reported in patients treated with the chemotherapeutic agent ifosfamide. The present study investigated whether ifosfamide or its metabolites acrolein and chloroacetaldehyde would impair function in the isolated perfused rat kidney. Renal function was monitored before and after these chemicals were added to a modified Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate perfusion medium containing 6.

Endogenous creatinine clearance in the rat: strain variation.

The clearance of endogenous creatinine was examined in five strains of rats (Wistar, Wistar Kyoto, Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats, Biobreeding/Worcester diabetic prone and diabetic resistant rats). Creatinine clearance was compared with inulin clearance as the standard. Conditions for clearance measurements were also varied (anesthesia with constant infusion, overnight collection of urine, fed vs.