Evaluation of targeting accuracy of cone beam CT guided histotripsy in an porcine model.

Purpose: The application of histotripsy, an emerging noninvasive, non-ionizing, and non-thermal tumor treatment, is currently limited by the inherent limitations of diagnostic ultrasound as the sole targeting modality. This study evaluates the feasibility and accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) guidance for histotripsy treatments in an porcine model.

Materials And Methods: Histotripsy treatments were performed in the liver of seven healthy swine under the guidance of a C-arm CBCT system that was calibrated to the robotic arm of the histotripsy system.

Associations Between Joint Attention, Supported Joint Engagement and Language in TD Children and Children with ASD: Potential Sources of Individual and Group Differences in Language Outcomes.

Joint Attention (JA) and Supported Joint Engagement (Supported JE) have each been reported to predict later language development in typically developing (TD) children and children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In this longitudinal study including 33 TD children (20 months at V1) and 30 children with ASD (33 months at V1), the contributions of JA and Supported JE to later language, assessed via standardized tests and spontaneous speech, were directly compared. Frequency and durations of JA and Supported JE episodes were coded from 30-minute interactions with caregivers; subsequent language skills were assessed two years later.

Electro-driven direct lithium extraction from geothermal brines to generate battery-grade lithium hydroxide.

As Li-ion batteries are increasingly being deployed in electric vehicles and grid-level energy storage, the demand for Li is growing rapidly. Extracting lithium from alternative aqueous sources such as geothermal brines plays an important role in meeting this demand. Electrochemical intercalation emerges as a promising Li extraction technology due to its ability to offer high selectivity for Li and its avoidance of harsh chemical regenerants.

Labia Majora Approach to Aesthetic and Functional Complaints. A Standardized Topographic Labia Majora Classification.

Functional and aesthetic aberrations of labia majora are poorly described in scientific literature, and there is a lack of standardization and algorithms for treatment. The labia majora differs from the labia minora in that it has transitional epithelium, fascia, erectile tissue, and adipose components connected to crural, pelvic, and perineal structures. Non-surgical treatments, such as radiofrequency and light-based therapy, must match the symptoms and target these unique structures to have an effect.

The role of fluid friction in streamer formation and biofilm growth.

Biofilms constitute one of the most common forms of living matter, playing an increasingly important role in technology, health, and ecology. While it is well established that biofilm growth and morphology are highly dependent on the external flow environment, the precise role of fluid friction has remained elusive. We grew Bacillus subtilis biofilms on flat surfaces of a channel in a laminar flow at wall shear stresses spanning one order of magnitude (τ = 0.