An artificial intelligence-assisted system versus white light endoscopy alone for adenoma detection in individuals with Lynch syndrome (TIMELY): an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Computer-aided detection (CADe) systems for colonoscopy have been shown to increase small polyp detection during colonoscopy in the general population. People with Lynch syndrome represent an ideal target population for CADe-assisted colonoscopy because adenomas, the primary cancer precursor lesions, are characterised by their small size and higher likelihood of showing advanced histology. We aimed to evaluate the performance of CADe-assisted colonoscopy in detecting adenomas in individuals with Lynch syndrome.

Gut microbiota produces biofilm-associated amyloids with potential for neurodegeneration.

Age-related neurodegenerative diseases involving amyloid aggregation remain one of the biggest challenges of modern medicine. Alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiome play an active role in the aetiology of neurological disorders. Here, we dissect the amyloidogenic properties of biofilm-associated proteins (BAPs) of the gut microbiota and their implications for synucleinopathies.

Genetic variants for prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus and modulation of susceptibility by a nutritional intervention based on a Mediterranean diet.

Hypothesis: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) entails a complex underlying pathogenesis, with a specific genetic background and the effect of environmental factors. This study examines the link between a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with diabetes and the development of GDM in pregnant women with different ethnicities, and evaluates its potential modulation with a clinical intervention based on a Mediterranean diet.

Methods: 2418 women from our hospital-based cohort of pregnant women screened for GDM from January 2015 to November 2017 (the San Carlos Cohort, randomized controlled trial for the prevention of GDM ISRCTN84389045 and real-world study ISRCTN13389832) were assessed for evaluation.

Factors associated with lesion detection in colonoscopy among different indications.

Background And Objective: Different factors may influence colonoscopy performance measures. We aimed to analyze procedure- and endoscopist-related factors associated with detection of colorectal lesions and whether these factors have a similar influence in the context of different colonoscopy indications: positive fecal immunochemical test (+FIT) and post-polypectomy surveillance colonoscopies.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study included adults aged 40-80 years.

Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood monocytes could help identify a baseline pro-inflammatory profile in women with recurrent reproductive failure.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) are two well-defined clinical entities, but the role of the monocytes in their pathophysiology needs to be clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the role of the three monocyte subsets (classical, intermediate, and non-classical) and relevant cytokines/chemokines in a cohort of RPL and RIF women to better characterize a baseline proinflammatory profile that could define inflammatory pathophysiology in these two different conditions. We evaluated 108 non-pregnant women: 53 RPL, 24 RIF, and 31 fertile healthy controls (HC).