Attention-based image segmentation and classification model for the preoperative risk stratification of thyroid nodules.

Background: Despite widespread use of standardized classification systems, risk stratification of thyroid nodules is nuanced and often requires diagnostic surgery. Genomic sequencing is available for this dilemma however, costs and access restricts global applicability. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to overcome this issue nevertheless, the need for black-box interpretability is pertinent.

Impact of same-day sleeve gastrectomy surgery on postoperative emergency department visits: analysis from the Michigan Bariatric Surgery Collaborative.

Background: Same-day discharge after sleeve gastrectomy (SDDSG) is being performed in select patient populations with increased regularity since 2020.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of SDDSG on emergency department (ED) visits.

Setting: Academic and private practice bariatric surgery programs participating in a statewide quality improvement collaborative.

Assessing inequities in electrification via heat pumps across the US.

Heat pumps are an energy-efficient and increasingly cost-effective solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. However, other clean energy technologies, such as rooftop solar, are less likely to be adopted in underserved communities, and thus policies incentivizing their adoption may funnel support to well-resourced communities. Unlike previously studied technologies, the effects of heat pumps on household energy bills may be positive or negative depending on local climate, energy costs, building features, and other factors.

Molecular basis of resistance to leaf spot disease in oil palm.

Introduction: Leaf spot disease caused by the fungal pathogen is one of the most common diseases found in oil palm () nurseries in South East Asia, and is most prevalent at the seedling stage. Severe infections result in localized necrotic regions of leaves that rapidly spread within nurseries leading to poor quality seedlings and high economic losses.

Methods: To understand the molecular mechanisms of this plant-pathogen interaction, RNA-Seq was used to elucidate the transcriptomes of three oil palm genotypes with contrasting pathogen responses (G10 and G12, resistant and G14, susceptible) following infection with spores.

Acute cholecystitis treated with urgent cholecystectomy achieves higher rate of critical view of safety when compared to interval cholecystectomy after tube cholecystostomy.

Background: There are few reported outcomes of treatment of acute cholecystitis incorporating current guidelines for gallbladder dissection techniques and use of percutaneous tube cholecystostomy (PCT). The authors hypothesize PCT allows regression of peritoneal inflammation, but infundibular inflammation is increased at interval cholecystectomy, resulting in greater requirement for advanced dissection techniques.

Methods: Between December 2009 and July 2023, 1222 patients were admitted with acute cholecystitis and ultimately underwent cholecystectomy.