Prefrontal cortex stimulation normalizes deficient adaptive learning from outcome contingencies in low mood.

Depression and anxiety are associated with deficits in adjusting learning behaviour to changing outcome contingencies. This is likely to drive and maintain symptoms, for instance, by perpetuating negative biases or a sense of uncontrollability. Normalising such deficits in adaptive learning might therefore be a novel treatment target for affective disorders.

The Landscape of Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) in Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Appendiceal adenocarcinoma (AA) is a rare malignancy with distinct histopathologic subtypes and a natural history with metastasis primarily limited to the peritoneum. Little is known about the molecular pathogenesis of AA relative to common tumors.

Experimental Design: We analyzed molecular data for patients within the Guardant Health database with appendix cancer (n = 718).

Next generation sequencing-based MSI scoring predict benefit in mismatch repair deficient tumors treated with nivolumab: follow-up on NCI-MATCH arm Z1D.

Purpose: Mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) tumors have demonstrated favorable responses to immune checkpoint inhibition targeting PD-1. However, more in-depth identification of predictors of response could further refine patient selection for immunotherapy treatment.

Experimental Design: We undertook integrated evaluation performed on samples collected from 28 of 42 patients enrolled on the NCI-MATCH arm Z1D trial that evaluated PD-1 inhibition treatment with nivolumab in patients with non-colorectal dMMR tumors.

Duration of immunotherapy in dMMR/MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer patients.

Background: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized treatment of mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, there is no evidence on the optimal treatment duration. We aimed to compare outcomes of different immunotherapy durations.