Involvement of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Inflammatory Response in Human Mesothelial Cells from Peritoneal Dialysis Effluent.

Recent studies have related mitochondrial impairment with peritoneal membrane damage during peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy. Here, we assessed the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the inflammatory response in human mesothelial cells, a hallmark in the pathogenesis of PD-related peritoneal membrane damage. Our ex vivo studies showed that IL-1β causes a drop in the mitochondrial membrane potential in cells from peritoneal effluent.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Control of excessive mitochondrial oxidative stress could provide new targets for both preventive and therapeutic interventions in the treatment of chronic inflammation or any pathology that develops under an inflammatory scenario, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Increasing evidence has demonstrated the role of mitochondrial alterations in autoimmune diseases mainly due to the interplay between metabolism and innate immunity, but also in the modulation of inflammatory response of resident cells, such as synoviocytes. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction derived from several danger signals could activate tricarboxylic acid (TCA) disruption, thereby favoring a vicious cycle of oxidative/mitochondrial stress.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction Plays a Relevant Role in Pathophysiology of Peritoneal Membrane Damage Induced by Peritoneal Dialysis.

Preservation of the peritoneal membrane is an essential determinant of the long-term outcome of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of PD-related peritoneal membrane injury. We hypothesized that mitochondria may be implicated in the mechanisms that initiate and sustain peritoneal membrane damage in this setting.

Autophagy Activation by Resveratrol Reduces Severity of Experimental Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Scope: Previous work reported that dietary supplementation with resveratrol lowers synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory and oxidative damage in an antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) model. Here, it is investigated whether resveratrol can regulate the abnormal synovial proliferation by inducing autophagy and controlling the associated inflammatory response.

Methods And Results: Animals treated with resveratrol 8 weeks before AIA induction show the highest significant signal for microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 by confocal microscopy.

Role of mitochondrial dysfunction on rheumatic diseases.

Rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders affecting joint tissues and in some cases even organs, some of them being among the most common diseases worldwide. Mitochondria are the organelles considered as powerhouse of cells providing energy to the organism mainly through oxidative phosphorylation. However, mitochondria are also involved in crucial pathways responsible for maintaining cell physiology, such as the activation of metabolic and survival signaling, and innate and adaptive immune response.