Coffee Consumption, Additive Use, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes- Results from Three Large Prospective US Cohort Studies.

Background: Consumption of coffee has been consistently associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, it is unknown whether the use of additives may modify the association.

Objective: To study the association between coffee consumption and risk of T2D by considering the addition of sugar, artificial sweeteners, cream or a non-dairy coffee whitener.

Transcatheter versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement for Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension.

Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a viable alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for high-risk patients with aortic stenosis. One such high-risk group is patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), which is known to increase surgical risk and adversely affect outcomes. This study aims to compare midterm and long-term survival in TAVR and SAVR among patients with PH.

Rise of the machines: Normothermic regional perfusion use in heart transplantation in the United States.

Background: Normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) and direct procurement and perfusion (DPP) allow for transplantation with donation after circulatory death (DCD) hearts. This study aimed to characterize the use of and variations in NRP and DPP for DCD transplants in the United States.

Methods: Heart transplants performed between December 1, 2019 and March 31, 2024, were identified from the United Network for Organ Sharing database.

Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion in Donation after Cardiac and Brain Death Donation.

Background: Allografts from donation after circulatory death (DCD) or brain death donors may be evaluated by ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) to assess quality for transplantation. We sought to determine the association of donor type with transplantation outcomes at a national level.

Methods: The United Network for Organ Sharing database was queried for lung transplant recipients, which were stratified into: DCD EVLP, brain death EVLP, standard DCD and standard brain death, followed by an unadjusted analysis.

How We Solved the Shortage of Cardiothoracic Surgeons: Train More or Work Longer.

Background: In the early 2000s, a significant shortage of cardiothoracic surgeons was predicted. We sought to evaluate our specialty's progress and to update the predicted needs of cardiothoracic surgeons in the coming decades.

Methods: To assess the supply of cardiothoracic surgeons, the evolution of cardiothoracic surgery training was reviewed.