Treatment planning with a 2.5 MV photon beam for radiation therapy.

Purpose: The shallow depth of maximum dose and higher dose fall-off gradient of a 2.5 MV beam along the central axis that is available for imaging on linear accelerators is investigated for treatment of shallow tumors and sparing the organs at risk (OARs) beyond it. In addition, the 2.

Regional Vascular Changes and Aortic Dilatation in Pediatric Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve.

Background: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart disease, often associated with valve dysfunction, coarctation of the aorta, and ascending aorta dilatation. Aortic dilatation might result from abnormal regional hemodynamics or inherent vascular disease. Vascular function in pediatric BAV remains poorly characterized.

Valve disease and aortopathy associations of bicuspid aortic valve phenotypes differ between men and women.

Objective: Determine whether associations between bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) phenotypes, valve disease and aortopathy differ between sexes.

Methods: 1045 patients with BAV (76.0% men, n=794) from two surgical centres were included in this cross-sectional study.