Diagnosing cystic fibrosis in low- and middle-income countries: challenges and strategies.

Background: Cystic Fibrosis is caused by recessively inherited variants of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator. It is associated with diverse clinical presentations that can affect the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems and inhibit nutrient absorption and growth.

Main Body: The current estimation of people affected by Cystic Fibrosis is likely underestimated as this disease remains undiagnosed in countries with limited diagnostic capacity.

Sub-100 fs Formation of Dark Excitons in Monolayer WS.

Two-dimensional semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides are promising materials for optoelectronic applications due to their strongly bound excitons. While bright excitons have been thoroughly scrutinized, dark excitons have been much less investigated, as they are not directly observable with far-field spectroscopy. However, with their nonzero momenta, dark excitons are significant for applications requiring long-range transport or coupling to external fields.

Charged Impurity Scattering and Electron-Electron Interactions in Large-Area Hydrogen Intercalated Bilayer Graphene.

Intercalation is a promising technique to modify the structural and electronic properties of 2D materials on the wafer scale for future electronic device applications. Yet, few reports to date demonstrate 2D intercalation as a viable technique on this scale. Spurred by recent demonstrations of mm-scale sensors, we use hydrogen intercalated quasi-freestanding bilayer graphene (hQBG) grown on 6H-SiC(0001), to understand the electronic properties of a large-area (16 mm) device.

A ONECUT1 regulatory, non-coding region in pancreatic development and diabetes.

In a patient with permanent neonatal syndromic diabetes clinically similar to cases with ONECUT1 biallelic mutations, we identified a disease-causing deletion located upstream of ONECUT1. Through genetic, genomic, and functional studies, we identified a crucial regulatory region acting as an enhancer of ONECUT1 specifically during pancreatic development. This enhancer region contains a low-frequency variant showing a strong association with type 2 diabetes and other glycemic traits, thus extending the contribution of this region to common forms of diabetes.

Reactivity of Ultrathin Kagome Metal FeSn toward Oxygen and Water.

The kagome metal FeSn consists of alternating layers of kagome-lattice FeSn and honeycomb Sn and exhibits great potential for applications in future low-energy electronics and spintronics because of an ideal combination of topological phases and high-temperature magnetic ordering. Robust synthesis methods for ultrathin FeSn films, as well as an understanding of their air stability, are crucial for its development and long-term operation in future devices. In this work, we realize large-area, <10 nm thick, epitaxial FeSn thin films and explore the oxidation process synchrotron-based photoelectron spectroscopy using oxygen and water dosing, as well as air exposure.