Concordance of Whole-Slide Imaging and Conventional Light Microscopy for Assessment of Pathologic Response Following Neoadjuvant Therapy for Lung Cancer.

Pathologic response is an endpoint in many ongoing clinical trials for neoadjuvant regimens, including immune checkpoint blockade and chemotherapy. Whole-slide scanning of glass slides generates high-resolution digital images and allows for remote review and potential measurement with image analysis tools, but concordance of pathologic response assessment on digital scans compared with that on glass slides has yet to be evaluated. Such a validation goes beyond previous concordance studies, which focused on establishing surgical pathology diagnoses, as it requires quantitative assessment of tumor, necrosis, and regression.

Overturning circulation, nutrient limitation, and warming in the Glacial North Pacific.

Although the Pacific Ocean is a major reservoir of heat and CO, and thus an important component of the global climate system, its circulation under different climatic conditions is poorly understood. Here, we present evidence that during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the North Pacific was better ventilated at intermediate depths and had surface waters with lower nutrients, higher salinity, and warmer temperatures compared to today. Modeling shows that this pattern is well explained by enhanced Pacific meridional overturning circulation (PMOC), which brings warm, salty, and nutrient-poor subtropical waters to high latitudes.

Simulation-based research in emergency medicine in Canada: Priorities and perspectives.

Objective: Simulation plays an integral role in the Canadian healthcare system with applications in quality improvement, systems development, and medical education. High-quality, simulation-based research will ensure its effective use. This study sought to summarize simulation-based research activity and its facilitators and barriers, as well as establish priorities for simulation-based research in Canadian emergency medicine (EM).

Assessing whether universal coverage with insecticide-treated nets has been achieved: is the right indicator being used?

Background/methods: Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are the primary tool for malaria vector control in sub-Saharan Africa, and have been responsible for an estimated two-thirds of the reduction in the global burden of malaria in recent years. While the ultimate goal is high levels of ITN use to confer protection against infected mosquitoes, it is widely accepted that ITN use must be understood in the context of ITN availability. However, despite nearly a decade of universal coverage campaigns, no country has achieved a measured level of 80% of households owning 1 ITN for 2 people in a national survey.

Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a School Insecticide-Treated Net Distribution Program in Cross River State, Nigeria.

Background: In 2013, the World Health Organization recommended distribution through schools, health facilities, community health workers, and mass campaigns to maintain coverage with insecticide-treated nets (ITNs). We piloted school distribution in 3 local government areas (LGAs) of Cross River State, Nigeria.

Methods: From January to March 2011, all 3 study sites participated in a mass ITN campaign.