Publications by authors named "M J Chase"
This narrative review examines infectious diseases as modifiable risk factors for dementia, particularly in the context of an aging global population. As the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias is expected to rise, prevention has become increasingly important due to the limited efficacy of current treatments. Emerging evidence links specific infectious diseases to increased dementia risk, possibly through mechanisms like neuroinflammation and disruption to normal cell function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDo American presidents speak discernibly different from each other? If so, in what ways? And are these differences confined to any single medium of communication? To investigate these questions, this paper introduces a novel metric of uniqueness based on large language models, develops a new lexicon for divisive speech, and presents a framework for assessing the distinctive ways in which presidents speak about their political opponents. Applying these tools to a variety of corpora of presidential speeches, we find considerable evidence that Donald Trump's speech patterns diverge from those of all major party nominees for the presidency in recent history. Trump is significantly more distinctive than his fellow Republicans, whose uniqueness values appear closer to those of the Democrats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study investigates the effectiveness of midlife baseline prostate-specific antigen (MB PSA) compared to PSA doubling time (PSADT) and PSA velocity (PSAV) in predicting the risk of developing lethal prostate cancer in men aged 40-59.
- - A total of 77,594 men with at least two PSA tests and 11,634 men with three tests were analyzed, with data gathered from 1995 to 2019 to determine the occurrence of lethal prostate cancer diagnoses.
- - Results showed significant associations of both MB PSA and PSADT with lethal prostate cancer risk, indicating that those in the top 10th percentile for MB PSA had a 6.10 times higher hazard of developing lethal cancer while those
Recent speciation and adaptation to aridity in the ecologically diverse Pilbara region of Australia enabled the native tobaccos (Nicotiana; Solanaceae) to colonize all Australian deserts.
Mol Ecol
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- - The arid Eremaean Zone in Australia has been consistently dry for the last 6 million years, but prior to that, plant and animal life was more widely spread before the region became arid around 20 million years ago.
- - Genomic research on the native allotetraploid tobaccos, Nicotiana section Suaveolentes, reveals that they arrived in Australia around 6 million years ago and adapted to extreme dryness while evolving in the diverse habitats of the Pilbara region.
- - The study highlights how these tobacco species thrived in mesic refuges (moist areas) before adapting to increasingly arid conditions, showcasing their ability to develop new traits that allowed them to disperse and survive in
Background: Innovations in technology offer potential solutions to address pain care inequities. To maximize impacts, greater understanding is needed regarding preferences and priorities of people experiencing or treating pain.
Objectives: This study conducted focus groups to investigate the perspectives of people with pain and healthcare workers regarding online resources for pain management.