Impact of participation as a peer change agent on peer change agents themselves: a quantitative study of a peer-led, social media-based PrEP promotion intervention.

Despite the adoption of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as a crucial HIV intervention, uptake remains suboptimal among men who have sex with men, a sexual minority group, due to barriers like cost and stigma. Peer change agents (PCAs) disseminate PrEP information within their social networks. This study explores the reciprocal effects of an online community-based participatory intervention on PCAs, focusing on their transformed PrEP uptake perceptions-leadership efficacy, social network dynamics, attitudes, perceived benefits and barriers and self-efficacy.

Barriers to Unmarried Father Involvement During Infancy: Qualitative Study from Professionals' Perspectives.

Introduction Unmarried fathers in the U.S. face barriers to establishing a relationship with their newborn children that married fathers do not confront.

Psychosocial risk screening of expectant fathers in an urban home visiting service population.

Objective: To examine the occurrence of psychosocial risk factors among expectant fathers whose female partners were enrolled in prenatal home visiting services.

Design: Cross-sectional, exploratory, quantitative design.

Sample: Expectant father-mother pairs were recruited from two urban home visiting programs to participate in a randomized controlled trial of a father advocate intervention.

In-Hospital Paternity Establishment: Experiences and Meaning Perceived by Unmarried Parents.

Voluntary paternity establishment was placed in birthing hospitals by an act of Congress, but little is known about how unmarried parents experience this process. This study presents reactions from 81 racially/ethnically diverse, low-income parents. A qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews revealed three overall themes and six subthemes: (1) paternity establishment process [subthemes: variety of experiences, strong emotional experience, and poor timing]; (2) meaning of paternity establishment [subthemes: responsible fatherhood, symbol of commitment to child, and importance of the child knowing his father's identity]; and (3) paternity establishment decision-making.

Diverse HIV viruses are targeted by a conformationally dynamic antiviral.

Rhesus macaque TRIMCyp (RhTC) is a potent primate antiviral host protein that inhibits the replication of diverse HIV viruses. Here we show that it has acquired the ability to target multiple viruses by evolving an active site that interconverts between multiple conformations. Mutations that have relieved active site constraints allow RhTC to dynamically sample conformational space, including radically different conformers that target both HIV-1 and HIV-2 viruses.