New technologies for future of surgery in Ireland: An RCSI working Group report 2024.

Introduction: Surgery is a cognitive discipline whose practitioners characteristically use technology during operations for patients. With accelerating technological innovation throughout society and healthcare, we sought to develop a shared position for Irish surgery via a commissioned work programme by the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland.

Methods: Using Stanford design principles, representative clinical specialty and academic leads and higher trainee representatives across 15 specialties were surveyed regarding sentiments, perspectives and concerns regarding now and near future technology in clinical practice, career considerations and training/education.

Renal phenotyping in a hypomorphic murine model of propionic aciduria reveals common pathomechanisms in organic acidurias.

Mutations in the mitochondrial enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC) cause propionic aciduria (PA). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a known long-term complication. However, good metabolic control and standard therapy fail to prevent CKD.

Cross-neutralization of distant coronaviruses correlates with Spike S2-specific antibodies from immunocompetent and immunocompromised vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected patients.

As of May 2023, the public health emergency of COVID-19 was lifted across the globe. However, SARS-CoV-2 infections continue to be recorded worldwide. This situation has been attributed to the ability of the virus to evade host immune responses including neutralizing antibody-derived Immunity.

Probability of vertical HIV transmission: A systematic review and meta-regression.

Background: Eliminating HIV vertical transmission (VT) and is a global priority. Estimates of paediatric HIV infections are commonly derived through mathematical models relying on rates of VT stratified by maternal immunological and treatment status from literature, namely the UNAIDS-supported Spectrum AIDS Impact Module (Spectrum-AIM) to assess progress towards eliminating VT. Default VT probabilities were last updated in 2018, since then there have been substantial changes to service delivery and ART regimens.

Comparison of 2-pool and 3-pool digestion kinetics model predictions of neutral detergent fiber digestibility of forages from commercially available data.

Sizes and rates of potentially digestible (B) and undegradable (C) pools of amylase-treated neutral detergent fiber (aNDF) are used to predict ruminal aNDF digestibility (aNDFD%) in widely used dairy cattle diet formulation programs. An exponential 3-pool model (3P) has been suggested for estimating digestion kinetic parameters for this purpose, however, the approach has not been compared with using a simpler exponential 2-pool model (2P), nor with using commercial laboratory (lab) data on which application would rely, nor on model impact on predictions of aNDFD% which is the aim of their application. Our objective was to determine whether 2P or 3P most accurately and efficiently characterizes aNDF digestion kinetics and if the models differed in predicted aNDFD%.