Non-pharmacological prevention of postoperative delirium by occupational therapy teams: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Patients who develop postoperative delirium (POD) have several clinical complications, such as increased morbidity, increased hospital stays, higher hospital costs, cognitive and functional impairment, and higher mortality. POD is a clinical condition preventable by standard non-pharmacological measures An intensive Occupational Therapy (OT) intervention has been shown to be highly effective in preventing delirium in critically ill medical patients, but it is unknown the effect in surgical patients. Thus, we designed a prospective clinical study with the aim to determine whether patients undergoing intervention by the OT team have a lower incidence of POD compared to the group treated only with standard measures.

Expression of ssa-miR-155 during ISAV infection in vitro: Putative role as a modulator of the immune response in Salmo salar.

Multiple cellular components are involved in pathogen-host interaction during viral infection; in this context, the role of miRNAs have become highly relevant. We assessed the expression of selected miRNAs during an in vitro infection of a Salmo salar cell line with Infectious Salmon Anemia Virus (ISAV), the causative agent of a severe disease by the same name. Salmon orthologs for miRNAs that regulate antiviral responses were measured using RT-qPCR in an in vitro time-course assay.

[Evaluation of bone mineral density in children with vertical infection by HIV].

Unlabelled: Changes in bone mineral density (BMD) are common in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There are few studies evaluating bone involvement in children infected.

Objective: To evaluate BMD in vertically HIV-infected children.

[HIV/AIDS infection in children and adolescents: Chilean cohort 1987-2014].

The present document describes the Cohort of HIV/AIDS children detected in Chile from 1987 to August 2014 and the effectiveness of the Protocol for Prevention of Vertical Transmission (PPVT) of HIV infection. Of the 375 HIV infected children enrolled since 1987 to August 2014, 245 of them are still in pediatric control. From the analysis of the Cohort is inferred that: a) it has observed an improvement in the detection of the HIV infected child, in number and precocious time; b) the majority of these children continue to be detected by clinic symptoms and signs (mainly unspecific and infectious manifestations); c) the ARVT use has meant a clinic and immunologic improvement with diminution of the infections, principally opportunistic infections, with a better life quality, a prolongation of survival and a diminution of lethality; d) as more survival has been produced, cancer has begun to be detected, a very infrequent complication observed in them before the ARVT use.

[Tenofovir-associated Fanconi`s syndrome and rickets in a HIV infected girl].

Unlabelled: Tenofovir (TDF) is an inhibitor of reverse transcriptase nucleotide analogue, although it has good tolerability and high anti-retroviral activity, its effect on the kidney has been a concern.

Objective: To describe a girl infected with HIV who presented Fanconi syndrome during antiretroviral therapy with TDF.

Clinical Case: We describe a HIV-1-infected girl, who after 18 months treatment with TDF presented loss of strength and pain of the lower extremities with functional impairment.