BCG Vaccination Suppresses Glucose Intolerance Progression in High-Fat-Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice.

: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine administration has been suggested to prevent glucose metabolism abnormalities and fatty liver in genetically obese mice; however, it is not clear whether the beneficial effects of BCG are also observed in the progression of glucose intolerance induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Therefore, the effects of BCG vaccination on changes in glucose tolerance and insulin response were investigated in HFD-fed C57BL/6 mice. : We used the BCG Tokyo 172 strain to determine effects on abnormalities in glucose metabolism.

Relationship between Cumulative Temperature and Light Intensity and G93 Parameters of Isoprene Emission for the Tropical Tree .

The most widely used isoprene emission algorithm, G93 formula, estimates instantaneous leaf-level isoprene emission using the basal emission factor and light and temperature dependency parameters. The G93 parameters have been suggested to show variation depending on past weather conditions, but no study has closely examined the relationship between past meteorological data and the algorithm parameters. Here, to examine the influence of the past weather on these parameters, we monitored weather conditions, G93 parameters, isoprene synthase transcripts and protein levels, and MEP pathway metabolites in the tropical tree for 12 days and analyzed their relationship with cumulative temperature and light intensity.

Relationship between seasonal variation in isoprene emission and plant hormone profiles in the tropical plant Ficus septica.

In Ficus septica, the short-term control of isoprene production and, therefore, isoprene emission has been linked to the hormone balance between auxin (IAA) and jasmonic acid (JA). However, the relationship between long-term changes in isoprene emission and that of plant hormones remains unknown. This study tracked isoprene emissions from F.

Molecular characteristics of isoprene synthase and its control effects on isoprene emissions from tropical trees.

The isoprene emission rate from plants is simulated by a function of light intensity and leaf temperature, and the G-93 formula is the most extensively applied algorithm for this purpose. Isoprene is biosynthesized by the enzyme isoprene synthase (IspS), and instantly emitted from the leaf. Enzyme kinetics of IspS and substrate availability are important factors involved in the short-term leaf-level control of isoprene emissions.

Isolation and characterization of mimosine degrading enzyme from Arthrobacter sp. Ryudai-S1.

Leucaena leucocephala growing in the tropics and subtropics serves as potential forage for livestock because its foliage is rich in protein, fiber, and minerals. However, its use for livestock feed has been hindered by toxic nonprotein amino acid mimosine. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method to reduce or eliminate mimosine from foliage.