Publications by authors named "M I Uusitupa"
Aims/hypothesis: Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes, but evidence from randomised trials on the benefits of vitamin D supplementation is limited, especially for average-risk populations. The Finnish Vitamin D Trial (FIND) investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation at two different doses on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in a generally healthy older adult population.
Methods: FIND was a 5 year randomised placebo-controlled, parallel-arm trial among 2271 male and female participants aged ≥60 years and ≥65 years, respectively, from a general Finnish population who were free of CVD or cancer and did not use diabetes medications.
Article Synopsis
- Genome-wide association studies have found numerous genetic loci linked to glycemic traits, but connecting these loci to specific genes and biological pathways remains a challenge.
- Researchers conducted meta-analyses of exome-array studies across four glycemic traits, analyzing data from over 144,000 participants, which led to the identification of coding variant associations in more than 60 genes.
- The study revealed significant pathways related to insulin secretion, zinc transport, and fatty acid metabolism, enhancing understanding of glycemic regulation and making data available for further research.
Article Synopsis
- A lifestyle intervention can effectively lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) in individuals at high genetic risk, while the impact on those with low genetic risk is less clear.
- In a study involving 973 middle-aged men, participants were divided into groups based on genetic risk and received a three-year intervention focusing on diet and exercise.
- Findings indicated that the intervention significantly reduced T2D risk for those with high genetic risk, while it did not show a significant effect for the low-risk group, suggesting that lifestyle changes can be beneficial for high-risk individuals.
Context: Lifestyle intervention reduces the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in people with impaired glucose tolerance.
Objective: To find out whether participation in the earlier lifestyle intervention had an effect on the occurrence of clinically diagnosed retinopathy during a median of 22 years of follow-up time.
Methods: The study included 505 individuals from the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS) (mean 55, range 40-64 years at the onset of the study) with impaired glucose tolerance who were originally randomized into the intervention (weight loss, healthy diet and physical activity (N=257) and usual care control groups (N=248).
Background: It is unknown whether dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) modifies the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk associated with a family history of CVD. We assessed interactions between biomarkers of low PUFA intake and a family history in relation to long-term CVD risk in a large consortium.
Methods: Blood and tissue PUFA data from 40 885 CVD-free adults were assessed.