Updating the portfolio of physicochemical descriptors related to permeability in the beyond the rule of 5 chemical space.

Beyond rule of 5 (bRo5) molecules are attracting significant interest in modern drug discovery mostly because many novel targets require large and more flexible structures. The main aim of this paper is the identification of ad hoc bRo5 physicochemical descriptors of ionization, lipophilicity, polarity and chameleonicity and their measurement. We used different methods to collect ionization (pK measures and log k'80 PLRP-S trends), lipophilicity (in octanol/water, in apolar systems and in biomimetic environments), polarity (Δlog P, EPSA and Δlog K) and chameleonicity (ChameLogD) descriptors for 26 bRo5 drugs.

Permeability prediction for zwitterions via chromatographic indexes and classification into 'certain' and 'uncertain'.

The development of zwitterions to a drug is likely to be more challenging than compounds of other charge types. Two chromatographic indexes (log k'80 PLRP-S and log K) can be successfully used as permeability classifiers of ampholytes. Moreover, a pragmatic classification into ordinary ampholytes; zwitterions 'certain' (i.

Relationship between Passive Permeability and Molecular Polarity Using Block Relevance Analysis.

EPSA is an experimental descriptor of molecular polarity obtained from chromatographic retention in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) systems, previously shown by Goetz et al. to correlate with passive permeability of cyclic peptides. The present study focuses on EPSA in relation to passive permeability of small molecules.

A Fast Chromatographic Method for Estimating Lipophilicity and Ionization in Nonpolar Membrane-Like Environment.

This study describes the design and implementation of a new chromatographic descriptor called log k'80 PLRP-S that provides information about the lipophilicity of drug molecules in the nonpolar environment, both in their neutral and ionized form. The log k'80 PLRP-S obtained on a polymeric column with acetonitrile/water mobile phase is shown to closely relate to log Ptoluene (toluene dielectric constant ε ∼ 2). The main intermolecular interactions governing log k'80 PLRP-S were deconvoluted using the Block Relevance (BR) analysis.

High throughput method for the indirect detection of intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

A supercritical fluid chromatography method was developed for the detection of intramolecular hydrogen bonds in pharmaceutically relevant molecules. The identification of compounds likely to form intramolecular hydrogen bonds is an important drug design consideration given the correlation of intramolecular hydrogen bonding with increased membrane permeability. The technique described here correlates chromatographic retention with the exposed polarity of a molecule.