Renal nerves and hypertension contribute to impaired proximal tubule megalin-mediated albumin uptake in renovascular hypertensive rats.

Proteinuria, especially albuminuria, serves as an independent risk factor for progression in cardiovascular and renal diseases. Clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that renal nerves contribute to renal dysfunction in arterial hypertension (AH). This study hypothesizes that renal nerves mediate the mechanisms of protein endocytosis by proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTEC) and glomerular function; with dysregulation of the renal nerves contributing to proteinuria in Wistar rats with renovascular hypertension (2-kidney, 1-clip model, 2K-1C).

Frequency-coded patterns of sympathetic vasomotor activity are differentially evoked by the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in the Goldblatt hypertension model.

Introduction: The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) contains premotor neurons involved in the control of sympathetic vasomotor activity. It is known that the stimulation of specific areas of the PVN can lead to distinct response patterns at different target territories. The underlying mechanisms, however, are still unclear.

Relative Contribution of Blood Pressure and Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity to Proximal Tubular Sodium Reabsorption via NHE3 Activity.

We examined the effects of an acute increase in blood pressure (BP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (rSNA) induced by bicuculline (Bic) injection in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN) or the effects of a selective increase in rSNA induced by renal nerve stimulation (RNS) on the renal excretion of sodium and water and its effect on sodium-hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) activity. Uninephrectomized anesthetized male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: (1) Sham; (2) Bic PVN: (3) RNS + Bic injection into the PVN. BP and rSNA were recorded, and urine was collected prior and after the interventions in all groups.

Facilitating the Advance Care Planning Conversation with Patients: An Interactive Virtual 1.5-Hour Session.

Objectives: The Liaison Committee on Medical Education requires that the curriculum of medical schools includes end-of-life care. Most medical students feel reluctant to discuss end-of-life issues with their patients, but would like to learn more.

Methods: We created an educational session on using Five Wishes to facilitate the advance care planning conversation.

Patterns of renal and splanchnic sympathetic vasomotor activity in an animal model of survival to experimental sepsis.

Sepsis causes long-term disability, such as immune dysfunction, neuropsychological disorders, persistent inflammation, catabolism, and immunosuppression, leading to a high risk of death in survivors, although the contributing factors of mortality are unknown. The purpose of this experimental study in rats was to examine renal (rSNA) and splanchnic (sSNA) sympathetic nerve activity, as well as baroreflex sensitivity, in acute and chronic post-sepsis periods. The rats were divided into two groups: control group with naïve Wistar rats and sepsis group with 2-mL intravenous inoculation of Escherichia coli at 108 CFU/mL.