Characterization of substances released from crumb rubber material used on artificial turf fields.

Crumb rubber material (CRM) used as infill on artificial turf fields can be the source of a variety of substances released to the environment and to living organisms in the vicinity of the CRM. To assess potential risks of major volatilized and leached substances derived from CRM, methods were developed to identify organic compounds and elements, either in the vapor phase and/or the leachate from CRM. A qualitative method based on solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed to identify the major volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds out-gassing from CRM samples under defined laboratory conditions.

Phase II trial of a biweekly regimen of fluorouracil and leucovorin plus irinotecan in patients with previously untreated advanced gastric cancer.

To investigate the therapeutic value and safety of the biweekly regimen of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) plus irinotecan (CPT-11) in patients with previously untreated advanced gastric cancer (AGC). A total of 50 patients (M/F 35/15; median age = 65) with AGC, none of whom had received chemotherapy for advanced disease, were accrued in this trial. Fifteen patients (30%) were 70 years old or older.

Modeling the difference among Cucurbita in uptake and translocation of p,p'-dichlorophenyl-1,1-dichloroethylene.

Uptake of organic chemicals into plants depends on the properties of the contaminant and the physiology of the plant. A mass balance model based on fugacity was developed to quantify the uptake and transport in plants of a very hydrophobic chemical, p,p'-dichlorophenyl-1,1-dichloroethylene (DDE). The model included processes for sorption or influx of chemical with water from hydroponic solution to root and sorption or exchange of chemical between the shoot and air.

Uptake and translocation of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene supplied in hydroponics solution to Cucurbita.

Field studies show shoots of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) accumulate various hydrophobic contaminants from soil, although many other plants do not, including cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

Effect of mycorrhizal fungi on the phytoextraction of weathered p,p-DDE by Cucurbita pepo.

Field experiments were conducted to assess the impact of inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi on the accumulation of weathered p,p'-DDE from soil by three cultivars of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo spp. pepo cv Costata Romanesco, Goldrush, Raven). Three commercially available mycorrhizal products (BioVam, Myco-Vam, INVAM) were inoculated into the root system of the zucchini seedlings at planting.