Exploring survival rates in HIV-infected Ethiopian children receiving HAART: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Studies have shown a high rate of mortality among adults despite the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, long-term outcomes of HAART among children remain poorly documented in Ethiopia. This study aimed to estimate the survival rate and identify associated factors among HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy.

Unusual G9P[4] Rotavirus Emerged After the Dynamic Changes in Rotavirus Genotypes From Equine-Like G3 to Typical Human G1/G3 in Indonesia.

Inter-genogroup reassortment of Rotavirus A (RVA) strains has highlighted the spread of unusual RVA strains worldwide. We previously reported the equine-like G3 RVA as the predominant strain in Indonesia in 2015-2016. However, since July 2017, typical human genotypes G1 and G3 have replaced these strains completely.

Mosquito populations originating from nonendemic areas have the potential to transmit recently emerging Japanese encephalitis virus genotype IV.

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) genotype IV (GIV) is one of the least common and most neglected genotypes worldwide, having been identified only on a few Indonesian islands until it was recently found to be the cause of outbreaks that occurred in several Australian states in early 2022. Given the limited availability of information, the vector range for JEV GIV remains unknown; thus, understanding this range could prove invaluable for future prevention efforts in new areas. Herein, we experimentally exposed four mosquito colonies originated from various countries with no previous reports of GIV to JEV GIV strain 19CxBa-83-Cv, which was isolated from Theobald collected in Bali in 2019.

IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-17 in the Development of Erosive Esophagitis and Symptom Perception in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).

The diverse clinical characteristics of erosive esophagitis (EE) and symptom perception in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remain a major challenge in understanding their underlying pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the association between the levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-17 in serum and the presence of erosive esophagitis and symptoms related to GERD. We enrolled 65 subjects presenting with GERD symptoms.

More severe comorbidities, advanced age, and incomplete vaccination increase the risk of COVID-19 mortality.

Numerous studies have stated that comorbidities are risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality, but few have considered the severity or stage of these comorbidities. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the severity of comorbidity, age, and number of COVID-19 vaccinations with COVID-19 mortality. This case-control study was conducted from July 2021 until December 2022 at the Dr.