Characterization of the fiber-like cortical cells in moss gametophytes.

Fiber-like cells with thickened cell walls of specific structure and polymer composition that includes (1 → 4)-β-galactans develop in the outer stem cortex of several moss species gametophytes. The early land plants evolved several specialized cell types and tissues that did not exist in their aquatic ancestors. Of these, water-conducting elements and reproductive organs have received most of the research attention.

Rhamnogalacturonan I with β-(1,4)-Galactan Side Chains as an Ever-Present Component of Tertiary Cell Wall of Plant Fibers.

The cellulose-enriched tertiary cell walls present in many plant fibers have specific composition, architecture, machinery of formation, and function. To better understand the mechanisms underlying their mode of action and to reveal the peculiarities of fibers from different plant species, it is necessary to more deeply characterize the major components. Next to overwhelming cellulose, rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) is considered to be the key polymer of the tertiary cell wall; however, it has been isolated and biochemically characterized in very few plant species.

The Effect of Leaf Plasticity on the Isolation of Apoplastic Fluid from Leaves of Tartary Buckwheat Plants Grown and .

Vacuum infiltration-centrifugation (VIC) is the most reproducible technique for the isolation of apoplast washing fluid (AWF) from leaves, but its effectiveness depends on the infiltration-centrifugation conditions and the anatomical and physiological peculiarities of leaves. This study aimed to elaborate an optimal procedure for AWF isolation from the leaves of Tartary buckwheat grown in and conditions and reveal the leaf anatomical and physiological traits that could contribute to the effectiveness of AWF isolation. Here, it was demonstrated that leaves of buckwheat plants grown could be easier infiltrated, were less sensitive to higher forces of centrifugation (900× and 1500× ), and produced more AWF yield and apoplastic protein content than leaves at the same forces of centrifugation (600× and 900× ).

Root growth of monocotyledons and dicotyledons is limited by different tissues.

Plant growth and morphogenesis are determined by the mechanical properties of its cell walls. Using atomic force microscopy, we have characterized the dynamics of cell wall elasticity in different tissues in developing roots of several plant species. The elongation growth zone of roots of all species studied was distinguished by a reduced modulus of elasticity of most cell walls compared to the meristem or late elongation zone.

Physical model and numerical simulation of high-temperature silicification of carbon composite material.

A mathematical model is developed to describe the process of high-temperature silicification of a carbon porous material. The cause of pores blockage is the condensation of gaseous silicon at the inner walls of tubules. Phenomenological temperature dependences for the coefficients of condensation and evaporation are proposed, which determine the intensity of the siliconizing process.