Microbial dynamics and climatic interactions in pig sheds: Insights into airborne microbes and particulate matter concentrations.

Emissions of airborne pollutants from livestock buildings affect indoor air quality, the health and well-being of farmers, animals and the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the microbial count within pig sheds and its relationship with meteorological variables (temperature, relative humidity and air velocity) and particulate matter (PM and PM) and microbial diversity. Sampling was conducted both inside and outside of two pig sheds over three seasons (summer, rainy and winter), with regular monitoring at fortnightly intervals.

Effect of exogenous melatonin implant on post-thaw semen quality of buffalo bulls.

Melatonin is an intracellular antioxidant of sperm membrane that protects the cells from lipid peroxidation. Yet, its role as an antioxidant on semen quality of buffalo bulls is still obscure. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of exogenous melatonin implant (18 mg/50 kg bodyweight) on post-thaw sperm characteristics, oxidative stress, endocrinological profiles and fertility of buffalo bulls.

Additional intracervical prostaglandin reduces induction to calving time in buffaloes affected with incomplete cervical dilatation post-uterine detorsion.

Conventional induction protocol (CIP) of calving in buffaloes employs the intramuscular (IM) administration of dexamethasone (40 mg) and cloprostenol sodium (500 μg). If there is no progression in terms of cervical dilatation, then a second dose of cloprostenol sodium (500 μg) is administered intramuscularly. This protocol possesses certain demerits: (1) a wide range of response time intervals, and (2) increased risk of fetal membrane retention.

Local and systemic inflammatory response to the intrauterine infusion of enzymes during estrus in water buffaloes with subclinical endometritis.

Our objective was to determine the effects of intrauterine infusion of proteolytic enzymes in buffaloes with subclinical endometritis (SCE) at estrus on the resolution of endometrial inflammation and reproductive performance. Buffaloes at spontaneous estrus (E1) were screened for SCE by endometrial cytology to identify SCE (≥5% PMN, n = 22) and non-SCE (<5% PMNs, n = 14) animals. All buffaloes underwent uterine ultrasonographic examination, low volume uterine lavage (cytokines and acute phase proteins) and blood sampling (cytokines and acute-phase proteins) at E1.

Intrauterine proteolytic enzymes therapy hastens expulsion of fetal membranes in dystocia affected buffaloes.

Background: Difficult calving (dystocia) in buffalo cows is a major obstetrical problem which further leads to metritis complex, encompassing the retention of fetal membranes (RFM), puerperal metritis, endometritis and pyometra with impaired future fertility.

Aims: The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of the administration of intrauterine proteolytic enzymes on the expulsion of fetal membranes and postpartum fertility in dystociac buffaloes.

Methods: Proteolytic enzymes consisting of Trypsin (16 mg), Chymotrypsin (16 mg), and Papain (8 mg) were dissolved in 500 ml normal saline were administered after 1 h of assisted delivery in dystociac buffaloes along with the conventional therapy.