High risk of intestinal colonization with ESBL-producing Escherichia coli among soldiers of military contingents in specific geographic regions.

One-hundred Polish soldiers of a contingent in Afghanistan in 2019 were screened for Enterobacterales resistant to newer-generation β-lactams at their departure and return. Seventeen percent were colonized in the gut at the departure, whereas 70% acquired carriage in Afghanistan. The commonest organisms were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec; 96.

A Fokker-Planck approach to the study of robustness in gene expression.

We study several Fokker-Planck equations arising from a stochastic chemical kinetic system modeling a gene regulatory network in biology. The densities solving the Fokker-Planck equations describe the joint distribution of the mRNA and RNA content in a cell. We provide theoretical and numerical evidence that the robustness of the gene expression is increased in the presence of RNA.

Towards endemicity: large-scale expansion of the NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 lineage in Poland, 2015-16.

Objectives: In 2015 and 2016 Poland recorded rapid proliferation of New Delhi MBL (NDM)-producing Enterobacterales, with at least 470 and 1780 cases, respectively. We addressed the roles of the Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 NDM-1 outbreak genotype, already spreading in 2012-14, and of newly imported organisms in this increase.

Methods: The study included 2136 NDM-positive isolates identified between April 2015 and December 2016, following transfer of patients with K.

Study of the influence of cellulose derivatives on physical and analytical attributes of a drug product belonging to BCS class II.

Background: Cellulose microcrystalline (MCC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and croscarmellose sodium are cellulose derivatives which are widely used in pharmaceutical technology. Although they are inert pharmaceutical ingredients, they can influence the release profile of an active substance from the dosage form depending on their distribution, type and quantity used in the formulation.

Objectives: The aim of the present investigation was to examine the effect of chosen cellulose derivatives on the physical and analytical attributes of a drug product containing an active substance of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class II.