An explainable Artificial Intelligence software system for predicting diabetes.

Implementing diabetes surveillance systems is paramount to mitigate the risk of incurring substantial medical expenses. Currently, blood glucose is measured by minimally invasive methods, which involve extracting a small blood sample and transmitting it to a blood glucose meter. This method is deemed discomforting for individuals who are undergoing it.

ECG Heartbeat Classification Using Machine Learning and Metaheuristic Optimization for Smart Healthcare Systems.

Early diagnosis and classification of arrhythmia from an electrocardiogram (ECG) plays a significant role in smart healthcare systems for the health monitoring of individuals with cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, the nonlinearity and low amplitude of ECG recordings make the classification process difficult. Thus, the performance of most traditional machine learning (ML) classifiers is questionable, as the interrelationship between the learning parameters is not well modeled, especially for data features with high dimensions.

Cardiovascular protection by DPP-4 inhibitors in preclinical studies: an updated review of molecular mechanisms.

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors are a class of antidiabetic medications that cause glucose-dependent increase in incretins in diabetic patients. One of the two incretins, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), beside its insulinotropic activity, has been studied for extra pancreatic effects. Most of DPP4 inhibitors (DPP4i) have been investigated in in vivo and in vitro models of diabetic and nondiabetic cardiovascular diseases including heart failure, hypertension, myocardial ischemia or infarction, atherosclerosis, and stroke.

An AI-Enabled Internet of Things Based Autism Care System for Improving Cognitive Ability of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Smart monitoring and assisted living systems for cognitive health assessment play a central role in assessment of individuals' health conditions. Autistic children suffer from some difficulties including social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication, and accommodating to the environment around them. Thus, dealing with autistic children is a serious public health problem as it is hard to determine what they feel with a lack of emotional cognitive ability.

Exosomes in Parkinson: Revisiting Their Pathologic Role and Potential Applications.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. Considerable progress has been made to understand the exact mechanism leading to this disease. Most of what is known comes from the evidence of PD brains' autopsies showing a deposition of Lewy bodies-containing a protein called α-synuclein (α-syn)-as the pathological determinant of PD.