Development and validation of a self-attention network-based algorithm to detect mediastinal lesions on computed tomography images.

Background: Diagnosis of mediastinal lesions on computed tomography (CT) images is challenging for radiologists, as numerous conditions can present as mass-like lesions at this site. This study aimed to develop a self-attention network-based algorithm to detect mediastinal lesions on CT images and to evaluate its efficacy in lesion detection.

Methods: In this study, two separate large-scale open datasets [National Institutes of Health (NIH) DeepLesion and Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) 2022 Mediastinal Lesion Analysis (MELA) Challenge] were collected to develop a self-attention network-based algorithm for mediastinal lesion detection.

Chest wall tumor following intravesical BCG instillation for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the most effective intravesical immunotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), administered after its transurethral resection. Although its instillation is generally well tolerated, BCG-related infectious complications may occur in up to 5% of patients. Clinical manifestations may arise in conjunction with initial BCG instillation or develop months or years after the last BCG instillation.

Portrayal of video-assisted mediastinoscopic lymphadenectomy's range subsequent to its simultaneous use with uniportal VAT-lobectomy for left-sided NSCLC: a case-based perspective.

Background: Video-assisted mediastinoscopic lymphadenectomy (VAMLA) is the most precise approach combining staging and therapeutic interventions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the case of left-sided NSCLC, the likelihood of mediastinal lymph node metastases depends on the involvement of the left lung regional lymphatic network. As such, it appears obvious - at least for selected patients with mediastinal staging by either PET-CT or EBUS-TBNA ± EUS-FNA and with cN ≤ 2 - to merge VAMLA and left-sided video-assisted thoracoscopic (VAT) lobectomy for a single-stage therapeutical procedure.

Pyopericardium and extensive mediastinal abscess following EBUS-TBNA for mediastinal staging of NSCLC: a case report.

Background: Based on the algorithm on preoperative mediastinal staging in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is indicated in case of computed tomography (CT)-enlarged or positron emission tomography (PET)-positive mediastinal lymph nodes. It represents both a safe minimal invasive procedure with complication rates of less than 1.5% and a valid tool with a high sensitivity defining mediastinal nodal disease.