Strategies for Improving Care of Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Dialysis (AKI-D) in the Outpatient Hemodialysis Setting.

Patients with acute kidney injury often require dialysis (AKI-D) in the outpatient setting following hospitalization. Management of the patient with AKI-D should focus on preventing further insult to the damaged kidney and recovery of kidney function. Clinical attention should include continuity of care, education, infection control, medication management, and fluid management.

Multicentre study conducted across centres in the USA, Europe and Australia to assess the safety and effectiveness of a bilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation system for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea in adults: a protocol for a pivotal, multicentre, open-label, single-arm study.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterised by blood oxygen desaturations and sleep disruptions manifesting undesirable consequences. Existing treatments including oral appliances, positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy and surgically altering the anatomy of the pharynx have drawbacks including poor long-term adherence or often involving irreversible, invasive procedures. Bilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) is a new treatment for managing OSA, and this study is intended to determine whether an HNS system is a safe and effective treatment option for adults with OSA.

Clinician experiences in providing reassurance for patients with low back pain in primary care: a qualitative study.

Questions: What reassurance is being delivered by physiotherapists and chiropractors to people with non-specific low back pain? How is it being delivered? What are the barriers and enablers to delivering reassurance to people with non-specific low back pain?

Design: A qualitative study.

Participants: Thirty-two musculoskeletal clinicians (16 physiotherapists and 16 chiropractors) who manage low back pain in primary care.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted about their experiences delivering reassurance.

Viral microRNA regulation of Akt is necessary for reactivation of Human Cytomegalovirus from latency in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells and humanized mice.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) actively manipulates cellular signaling pathways to benefit viral replication. Phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling is an important negative regulator of HCMV replication, and during lytic infection the virus utilizes pUL38 to limit Akt phosphorylation and activity. During latency, PI3K/Akt signaling also limits virus replication, but how this is overcome at the time of reactivation is unknown.

Third intracellular loop of HCMV US28 is necessary for signaling and viral reactivation.

The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encoded chemokine receptor US28 plays a critical role in viral pathogenesis, mediating several processes such as cellular migration, differentiation, transformation, and viral latency and reactivation. Despite significant research examining the signal transduction pathways utilized by US28, the precise mechanism by which US28 activates these pathways remains unclear. We performed a mutational analysis of US28 to identify signaling domains that are critical for functional activities.