Lumbar Spondylolysis After Posterior Corrective Fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review.

After corrective surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), patients can return to sports activities without restrictions. While there have been many reports of long-term disc degeneration between adjacent segments after posterior corrective fusion, the effects of sports activities on adjacent segments after corrective fusion surgery are not well understood. Particularly, cases of acquired spondylolysis after long fusion surgeries for scoliosis are rare.

Case report: Atypical lipomatous tumor of the thigh in a four-year-old girl.

Atypical lipomatous tumors (ALTs) are locally aggressive adipocytic malignancies that frequently occur in middle-aged adults. We report the rare case of an ALT of the thigh that occurred in a 4-year-old girl. Since the tumor was initially diagnosed as a lipoblastoma by incisional biopsy, marginal resection was performed.

Congenital incomplete duplication of lower extremity (polymelia) accompanied with anorectal malformation and unilateral deafness.

Polymelia (supernumerary limbs) is an extremely rare congenital condition in humans. Because congenital anorectal malformation is a relatively common complication of polymelia and it may require emergency surgery as in the present case, accompanying malformations must be investigated.

Atypical Fracture of the Scapular Spine: A Case Report.

Atypical fractures are gaining attention as a severe potential side effect of long-term treatment with bone-modifying agents (e.g., bisphosphonate and denosumab) for osteoporosis.