Background: Visual examination is crucial for assessing pectus carinatum (PC) severity and treatment results. This cross-sectional study evaluates the inter- and intraobserver agreement of PC deformities before and after treatment.
Methods: Observers examined medical photographs of patients before and after treatment.
Background: Long-term results and factors affecting outcomes of vacuum bell therapy for pectus excavatum are relatively unknown.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on patients (<18y) treated with vacuum bell therapy between May 2008 and October 2021. Primary outcome was treatment success; secondary outcomes were analysis of daily time spent on treatment, treatment duration, complications, long-term follow-up, treatment for patients awaiting a Nuss procedure, treatment for female patients, and factors affecting outcomes.
Remnants of transposable elements (TEs) are widely expressed throughout mammalian embryo development. Originally infesting our genomes as selfish elements and acting as a source of genome instability, several of these elements have been co-opted as part of a complex system of genome regulation. Many TEs have lost transposition ability and their transcriptional potential has been tampered as a result of interactions with the host throughout evolutionary time.
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