Relative abundance of atropisomer pairs in metolachlor metabolites, MESA and MOXA, vary with slope and hydric soils in subwatersheds of the Choptank River watershed, Maryland.

Metolachlor is the most heavily used member of acetanilide herbicides, which are noted for forming highly soluble metabolites in root zone soils soon after field application. The two primary metabolites of metolachlor, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (MESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (MOXA), retain the same chiral chemistry as their source and are important tracers of nitrate loading from agricultural cropland. New analytical methods for separating the isomers of MESA and MOXA, enable studies assessing changes in the abundance of atropisomer pairs of the carbon chiral enantiomers in environmental samples.

The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at Lower Chesapeake Bay.

The Lower Chesapeake Bay (LCB) Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) Common Experiment (CE) located in Beltsville, MD, focuses on research of concern to producers of the major regional crops, which are corn (Zea mays L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Silicate coprecipitation reduces green rust crystal size and limits dissolution-precipitation during air oxidation.

Green rusts (GR) are mixed-valence iron (Fe) hydroxides which form in reducing redox environments like riparian and wetland soils and shallow groundwater. In these environments, silicon (Si) can influence Fe oxides' chemical and physical properties but its role in GR formation and subsequent oxidative transformation have not been studied starting at initial nucleation. Green rust sulfate [GR(SO)] and green rust carbonate [GR(CO)] were both coprecipitated from salts by base titration in increasing % mol Si (0, 1, 10, and 50).

Applying Red Mud in Cadmium Contamination Remediation: A Scoping Review.

Red mud is an industrial solid waste rarely utilized and often disposed of in landfills, resulting in resource waste and environmental pollution. However, due to its high pH and abundance of iron and aluminum oxides and hydroxides, red mud has excellent adsorption properties which can effectively remove heavy metals through ion exchange, adsorption, and precipitation. Therefore, red mud is a valuable resource rather than a waste byproduct.

Sea-level rise and arsenic-rich soils: A toxic relationship.

In the United States, dangerously high arsenic (As) levels have been found in drinking water wells in more than 25 states, potentially exposing 2.1 million people to drinking water high in As; a known carcinogen. The anticipated sea-level rise (SLR) is expected to alter soil biogeochemical and hydrological conditions, potentially impacting their ability to sequester As.