Interleukin-12 signaling drives Alzheimer's disease pathology through disrupting neuronal and oligodendrocyte homeostasis.

Neuroinflammation including interleukin (IL)-12/IL-23-signaling is central to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Inhibition of p40, a subunit of IL-12/IL-23, attenuates pathology in AD-like mice; however, its signaling mechanism and expression pattern remained elusive. Here we show that IL-12 receptors are predominantly expressed in neurons and oligodendrocytes in AD-like APPPS1 mice and in patients with AD, whereas IL-23 receptor transcripts are barely detectable.

Measuring the WHO Global Breast Cancer Initiative Pillars' key performance indicators in Sub-Saharan Africa: experience in the African Breast Cancer-Disparities in Outcomes hospital-based cohort study.

Background: The World Health Organization Global Breast Cancer Initiative aims to reduce breast cancer (BC) mortality through three pillars, whose key performance indicators (KPIs) and benchmarks are: (KPI-1) ≥60% BC diagnosed at early stage (I/II), (KPI-2) all suspected BC diagnosed ≤60 days from health system presentation, and (KPI-3) ≥80% of BC patients completing recommended treatment. We aimed to inform measurement of these KPIs in the context of a multi-country hospital-based study.

Methods: We included all women who participated to the African Breast Cancer-Disparities in Outcomes (ABC-DO) prospective cohort study (excluding South Africa), recruited between 2014 and 2017, across five population-race groups spanning low to high survival: Nigeria, Uganda, Zambia, Namibian black and Namibian non-black women.

Magneto-ionic vortices: voltage-reconfigurable swirling-spin analog-memory nanomagnets.

Rapid progress in information technologies has spurred the need for innovative memory concepts, for which advanced data-processing methods and tailor-made materials are required. Here we introduce a previously unexplored nanoscale magnetic object: an analog magnetic vortex controlled by electric-field-induced ion motion, termed magneto-ionic vortex or "vortion". This state arises from paramagnetic FeCoN through voltage gating and gradual N ion extraction within patterned nanodots.

High-Temperature Growth of CeO on Au(111) and Behavior under Reducing and Oxidizing Conditions.

Inverse oxide-metal model catalysts can show superior activity and selectivity compared with the traditional supported metal-oxide architecture, commonly attributed to the synergistic overlayer-support interaction. We have investigated the growth and redox properties of ceria nanoislands grown on Au(111) between 700 and 890 °C, which yields the CeO-Au(111) model catalyst system. We have observed a distinct correlation between deposition temperature, structural order, and oxide composition through low-energy electron microscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, intensity-voltage curves, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Tat_BioV: tattoo ink exposure and biokinetics of selected tracers in a short-term clinical study of 24 subjects.

About one-fifth of people in industrialised countries are tattooed, potentially putting them at risk of exposure to possible carcinogenic or otherwise harmful substances. This study aims to determine the exposure to soluble tattoo ink ingredients and their excretion within 24 h after tattooing. In this clinical study, 24 subjects were tattooed with black or red tattoo ink to which the 3 tracer substances, potassium iodide, 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and 2-phenoxyethanol (PEtOH), had been added to mimic known substances found in tattoo inks.