Projections of future burden of pharmacologically treated type 2 diabetes and associated life expectancies by income in Finland: a multi-state modeling study.

The burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) differs between socioeconomic groups. The present study combines ongoing and plausible trends in T2D incidence and survival by income to forecast future trends in cases of T2D and life expectancy with and without T2D up to year 2040. Using Finnish total population data for those aged 30 years on T2D medication and mortality in 1995-2018, we developed and validated a multi-state life table model using age-, gender-, income- and calendar year-specific transition probabilities.

Estimating the health and economic effects of the voluntary sodium reduction targets in Brazil: microsimulation analysis.

Background: Excessive sodium consumption is one of the leading dietary risk factors for non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), mediated by high blood pressure. Brazil has implemented voluntary sodium reduction targets with food industries since 2011. This study aimed to analyse the potential health and economic impact of these sodium reduction targets in Brazil from 2013 to 2032.

StrokeCog Markov Model: Projected Prevalent and Incident Cases of Stroke and Poststroke Cognitive Impairment to 2035 in Ireland.

Background And Purpose: Cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND) and dementia are common stroke outcomes, with significant health and societal implications for aging populations. These outcomes are not included in current epidemiological models. We aimed to develop an epidemiological model to project incidence and prevalence of stroke, poststroke CIND and dementia, and life expectancy, in Ireland to 2035, informing policy and service planning.

Discerning the Metal Doping Effect on Surface Redox and Acidic Properties in a MoVTeNbO for Propa(e)ne Oxidation.

Adding a small quantity of K or Bi to a MoVTeNbO via impregnation with inorganic solutions modifies its surface acid and redox properties and its catalytic performance in propa(e)ne partial oxidation to acrylic acid (AA) without detriment to its pristine crystalline structure. Bi-doping encourages propane oxydehydrogenation to propene, thus enlarging the net production rate of AA up to 35% more. The easier propane activation/higher AA production over the Bi-doped catalyst is ascribed to its higher content of surface V leading to a larger amount of total V species, the isolation site effect of NbO species on V, and its higher Lewis acidity.